Aeroplane.



, N. FISCHER.

ABEOPLANE.

APPLICATION YILED MAR.10, 1911 Patented Apr. 8, 1913 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N. FISCHER.

AEPOPLANE APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1911.

Patented Apr. 8,1913.

N. FISCHER. AEROPLANE. APBLIOATION FILED MAR. 10, 1911.

1,058,573. Pa ented Apr. 8, 1913.

3 SHEETS-$313111 3.

NIKOLAUS FISCHER, or PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

-' AEnoPLANn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apriu, tel? Applicationfiled March 10, 1911. Serial No. 613,513. 1

f all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NIKOLAUS FISOH'ER, a

subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, having declared my intentions of becoming a citizen of the United States, Tosiding in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to flying machines of the heavier-than-air type, and one object of my invention is to provide an aeroplane with means whereby the propeller or propellers and-the driving means therefor may have their angle of rotative movement with respect to the rest ofthe aeroplane changed at the will of the operator with a view of assisting ascent or descent as the case may be.

A' further object of my invention is to provide a long narrow inonoplane structure which is capable of ascent and: descent? in narrow spaces. j

A still further object of my invention is to dispose the Weight of the operating means, plus the weight of the operator at such oint below the plane as to insure that t ey will act as a pendulum keeping italways in an n right position, and a still further object of my invention .is to.provide'siinple means under direct control of the operator for effecting the tilting novement of the propellers and their d iiving means at such an angle to the longitudinal line of the structure that ascent and descent.

can be accomplished in short distances;

These and other features of my invention are more fully pointed out hereinafter, ref

erence being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a perspective view of an aeroplane embodying the features of my invention; Fig. 2, is a side elevation of the same, partly in section, and Fig. 3, is an enlarged side elevation of part of the aeroplane structure illustrating certain details of my invention. I

In Fig. 1, 1 represents the plane surface which in this particular instance is a single or monoplane. 2 represents a framework disposed below the plane and upon WhiCl1' it-Tiiay be supported by diagonal spars or struts 3 suitably braced by cross members,

those, at the-sides being indicated at 4c and those-at the ends being indicated, at 5; the whole forming a stiff yet relatively light structure.

At the ends of the horizontal portion 2 of the framing, projecting brackets 6 are.

provided, which may be pivoted at 7 to the said framing; in which brackets shafts 8' are journaled carrying propellers .9 at the ends of the same; said 'shaftsextending inwardly from the ends of the structure and being connected to the cranks of suitable motors '10 which may be of the internal explosion type. These motors are carried by cross members 11 connected to the brack ets 6.

Above the engines, I may mount suitable gasolene or fuel tanks 12, suitably carried by the framing and these tanks Will have proper connection with the cylinders of the motors, for instance by means of a. .flexible tube 13. The brackets carrying the propellers are preferably rigidly connected to the cross members 11 supporting the engines, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3, and this whole structure is pivotally connected to the side elements of the framework at the points 7 A supporting structure 141's carried by the framework; being prefefablyfdisposed at the central portion of the same and em tending longitudinally of the structure. and this supporting structure carries a pair'of drums 16 and 17 having operating wheels 18 and-19Qpreferably mounted one above the other and provided with ratchet mechanism or other similar holding means; each of said drums being/movable independently of the other as desired, or simultaneously if desired. One of said drums is carried by a shaft 20 and th'e'other by a sleeve 21 surrounding said shaft. Connect-ions between saiddrumsand the brackets carrying the sets of motors and propellers may be made by suitable cords or ropes 22 and 23, connected at 24 and 25, respectively, 'sothat upon movement of either one or both of said drums the brackets will be moved on their pivots correspondingly and the propellers and motors will be raised or lowered, as the case maybe, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2.

A seat-26 may be provided for the operator; being carried by the supporting structure 1,4. adjacent'the controlling Wheels 18 and 19.

On the upper surface of the plane I preferably provide a rudder 28, vertically disposed, which may be pivoted at 29, and is preferably provided with controlling cords or ropes 30 extending from apoint 31 atthe rear of the pivot connection," thence through suitable eyes 32 or around idler pulleys to a foot steering bar 33 pivoted at I 34 to a longitudinal bar 35 of the supporting structure 1e below the drums 16 and 17 and within easy reach of-the operator so that said rudder may be readily moved by the feet as desired.

The rudder serves to effect changes in the direction of the movement of the aeroplane I in the vertical movements of the same, in.

structure to right'or left, while the tllting of the propeller wheelswill effect changes ascent or descent, as thecase may be.

' It'will be understood,- of course, that both I propellers may be ,shifted in both directions so thatlslharp changes in ascent and descent may be -provided'for by shlfting one pro- .pelle-r up and the other down and vice versa. i

-The structure, may be mounted upon a suitable wheeled base comprising side rods 36, which may be's'paced apart by a bar 37, which is in turn braced and supported by bars 38 dependin from the horizontal frame; one pair 0 said rods 36 extending rearwardly, to; an axle 40, having wheels 41, While the other pair extends forwardly,

and-may be connected at their lower ends toan axle 42 carrying a single -addition .thcse rods may be tied together To prevent fore and aft,

Where they pass each other. spreading of the wheel base the axles 40 and 42 may be gether by wires or rods 44. The rods of the supporting structure maybeand prefer-' ably are hooked to the platform or framing 2 of the aeroplane structure as indicated at 45 so that they may be readily 'unshippedf when it is desired to pack the aeroplane -The aeroplane structure forming the subject of my invention is quite stable, thefrom, brackets pivetally journaled at oppo.

site ends of said framing-propeller Wheels,

wheel 43. In

connected toing said shafts, said motors, shafts and pro- "pellers being carried by the pivotally journaled brackets and movable therewith, a supplemental supporting frame carried by the main framing and interposed between 'the motors and providing a seat for the operator, a pair of telescoping shafts substantially vertically disposed and journaled in said supplemental frame, drums carried by said shafts, cords connected to the pivotally journaled brackets carrying .the driving means and the drums, and means for turning said shafts whereby said cords may be ;Wound on. the drums to simultaneouslyshift the osition of both of the pivotally journaled brackets and the driving means carried thereby.

.2. The combination, in an aeroplane,-of a plane structure, a framing suspended therefrom, brackets journaled at op osite ends of said framing, propeller w eels, I

shafts carrying the same, motors for driving said shafts, said motors, shafts and propellers being carried by the pivotally journaled brackets and movable therewith, a supplemental'supporting frame carried by the main framing and interposed between the motors and roviding a seat for the operator, a pair 0 telescoping shafts substan- 'tially vertically disposed and journaled in said supplementalframe, saidshafts being independently operable, drums carried by said shafts, cords connected to the pivotally journale'd brackets carrying the driving means and said drums, means, foroperating said drums whereby the cords may be Wound thereon to simultaneously shift'the position of the pivotally journaled brackets and the driving 'means carried thereby, a rudder .moun'ted abovethe lane, a foot lever, and cords connected to t e rudder andfoct lever whereby movement ofisaid rudder may be effected.

,3. Thecombination, in an aeroplane, of a plane structure,'a framing suspended therefrom, brackets journaled at opposite ends of said framing,propeller wheels, shafts carrying the'same, motors for driving said shafts, said motors, shafts and propellers being carried by the pivotally journaled brackets and movable therewith, a supple mental supporting frame carried by the main framing and interposed between the motors and providing a seat for-the operat'o'r, a pair of telescoping shafts'substantially vertically disposed and journaled in .said sup lemental frame, said shafts being indepenken-tly operable, drums carried by said-shafts, inde endent cords connecting each of the pivota ly journaled brackets carrying the driving means'with said drum 3 means for operating either one of-said drums whereb its cord may be wound, thereon to shi t the position of-onc of the 

